Simultaneous Real-time fMRI and EEG Neurofeedback for Emotion Regulation Training in Depressed Patients
Vadim Zotev1, Raquel Phillips1, Masaya Misaki1, Ahmad Mayeli1,2, and Jerzy Bodurka1,3
1Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, United States, 3College of Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, United States
We have performed an exploratory study of emotion self-regulation
training in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients using simultaneous real-time
fMRI and EEG neurofeedback (rtfMRI-EEG-nf). MDD patients learned to upregulate two
fMRI and two EEG target measures, relevant to MDD, using rtfMRI-EEG-nf during a
happy emotion induction task. The target
measures included fMRI activities of the left amygdala and left rACC, as well
as frontal EEG asymmetries in the alpha and high-beta bands. Our results
demonstrate that MDD patients can learn to successfully upregulate all four measures
simultaneously. These findings may lead to development of more efficient
neurotherapies for MDD.
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