Here we present a novel approach to non-invasive neuromodulation that affects neuronal activity by delivering neurotransmitter chemicals to targeted areas of the brain. This is achieved by using focused ultrasound to transiently open the blood-brain barrier in a targeted brain region such that a systemically injected neuroactive chemical such as GABA or glutamate will leak out of the vessels and into the brain parenchyma only at the intended site. We demonstrate the proof of concept in a rodent model by delivering GABA to the somatosensory cortex to suppress activation from hindpaw stimulation.
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