Diffusion-relaxation correlation spectroscopic imaging (DR-CSI) is a novel multidimensional MR imaging approach that infers microscopic tissue compartments using simultaneous diffusion and relaxation information. The approach was previously demonstrated with biological data, although validation was not possible in the absence of a gold standard reference. In this work, we perform simulation and experimental studies, using a gold standard for validation. Specifically, we custom-built a multi-compartment diffusion-relaxation phantom with known characteristics, and performed extensive comparisons between DR-CSI and conventional multi-compartment estimation methods. Our results demonstrate that DR-CSI has good performance, enabled by the combination of multidimensional encoding and constrained spectroscopic image reconstruction.
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