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Abstract #4047

A longitudinal study of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Elda Fischi-Gomez1,2,3, Guillaume Bonnier1,2, Pavel Falkowskiy3,4,5, David Romascano3, Myriam Schluep6, Renaud Du Pasquier6, Alessandro Daducci3, Jean-Philippe Thiran3,4, Gunnar Kruger7, and Cristina Granziera1,2

1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS 5), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 5Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology (HC CMEA SUI DI BM PI), Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 6Department of Clinical Neurosciences. Neuroimmunology and Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 7Siemens Healthcare USA, Malvern, PA, United States

We explored the sensitivity of a novel diffusion MRI method i.e. “Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging”, to detect and characterize brain microstructure alterations in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients that we followed up over 2 years. Cross-sectionally, NODDI revealed that an increase in orientation dispersion and a decrease in neurite density in NAWM and in lesions of RRMS patients compared to healthy subjects. Longitudinally, NODDI measured a decreased dispersion and an increased neurite density in MS lesions at 2 years follow-up. Also, NODDI metrics at baseline were highly related to cognition at both baseline and follow-up.

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