Longitudinal and cross-center studies using conventional quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) methods require the choice of a reference tissue, its manual segmentation and subtraction of its average. In this work, we report our initial clinical experience with a fully automated zero-referenced Morphology Enabled Dipole Inversion (MEDI+0) method that uses the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as zero reference in 393 consecutive patients. In 92.62% of cases, excellent agreement of image quality between MEDI+0 and MEDI was observed with high correlation of lesion susceptibility in a combined glioma, ischemic stroke and multiple sclerosis subset of patients.
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