To determine the registration errors caused by the cavum septum pellucidum (CSP), Dice coefficient and generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) were assessed in brain using T1-weighted imaging and diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI), respectively. The subjects included 30 subjects with the CSP and 30 subjects without the CSP. Comparing with the subjects without the CSP, the subjects who had enlarged CSP showed significantly decreased Dice coefficient and significantly different GFA values in nine tracts. Our findings indicate that the existence of the CSP leads to errors in image registration and diffusion index calculation, and that the size of the CSP should be taken into consideration as a covariate in statistical analysis.
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