Systematic assessment and optimization of 2D Phase-Contrast (PC) MRI as well as 4D flow MRI sequences require reliable phantoms that can create known velocity fields with large velocity ranges corresponding to different cardiovascular regions. An air-driven rotation phantom was constructed and its performance in establishing well-defined velocity fields at different rotational speeds was examined using 3-directional 2D PC MRI acquisitions. Furthermore, the reproducibility of the phantom was examined with a test-retest experiment on two different days. It was demonstrated that the phantom could create reproducible linear velocity fields to be used as a reference for in-vitro validation of PC MRI sequence.
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