Abstract #1375

Gray Matter Alterations in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders Evaluated Using Multimodal Neuroimaging Techniques

Christina Andica¹, Akifumi Hagiwara^1,2, Shimpei Kato^1,3, Kazumasa Yokoyama⁴, Shohei Fujita^1,3, Takuya Haruyama^1,5, Koji Kamagata¹, Masaaki Hori^1,6, Nobutaka Hattori⁴, and Shigeki Aoki¹

¹Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, ²Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, ³Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, ⁴Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, ⁵Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan, ⁶Department of Radiology, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan

Multiple sclerosis (MS) shares similar clinical and imaging characteristics with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), but a correct diagnosis is essential as treatment options differ considerably. We applied diffusion tensor imaging, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, and synthetic quantitative MRI to assess the gray matter (GM) of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and NMOSD patients. Our results demonstrated that multimodal neuroimaging techniques of the GM might be useful for differentiating NMOSD from RRMS, where NMOSD spares most of the GM. In contrast, RRMS group demonstrated extensive demyelination, circumscribed axonal loss predominantly in the limbic areas, and broad neuroinflammation in the cerebellum.

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