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Abstract #2270

5D Flow – A quantitative in vivo comparison between Self-Gating and Pilot Tone Gating

Mariana B. L. Falcão1, Lorenzo Di Sopra1, Liliana Ma2,3, Mario Bacher1,4, Davide Piccini1,5, Jérôme Yerly1,6, Peter Speier4, Tobias Rutz7, Milan Prša7, Michael Markl2,3, Matthias Stuber1,6, and Christopher Roy1
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 4Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, 5Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 6Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland, 7Department of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland

Conventional 4D flow MRI techniques often have prolonged and unpredictable scan times, due to the use of respiratory navigation. To address this, a fully self-gated cardiac and respiratory motion-resolved whole-heart 5D flow protocol with a fixed scan time was recently developed using a free-running framework. This protocol extracts cardiac and respiratory signals from periodic readouts (self-gating). In this study, we explore the use of Pilot Tone signals as an alternative method for cardiac and respiratory signal extraction to reconstruct 5D flow data and compare reconstructions to those using the previously established self-gating method and the conventional 4D flow sequence.

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