Fluorine-19 (19F) MRI and magnetic particle imaging (MPI) are both quantitative modalities used for cell tracking. We evaluated the cellular sensitivity of MPI using ferucarbotran on a preclinical MPI system and 19F MRI using perfluorocarbons on a 3 Tesla clinical system. For both modalities, significant linear increases in 19F and MPI signal were detected with increasing number of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). As few as 4000 MSC were reliably detected with MPI and 256 x 103 MSC with 19F MRI using the same scan time (1.5 minutes/cell pellet). Both of these detection limits were improved with longer imaging times.
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