Roadmaps Incorporating Respiratory and Cardiac Motion for X-Ray Fused with MRI

Anthony Zahi Faranesh¹, Peter Kellman¹, Robert J. Lederman¹

X-ray fused with MRI provides 3D roadmaps for x-ray cardiovascular interventional procedures. This work incorporates respiratory and cardiac motion into the roadmaps to enhance image guidance. Cardiac and respiratory motion is measured from real-time MRI images and then fit to an affine model. Separate models are used for individual anatomic structures, to accommodate complex regional motion. The 3D roadmaps are then deformed based on cardiac and respiratory phase to better reflect physiological motion during the procedure.