Extended Kalman Filtering for Continuous Volumetric MR-Temperature Imaging

Baudouin Denis de Senneville¹, ², Chrit T.W. Moonen², Mario Ries²

For the continuous monitoring of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound interventions using real-time Magnetic Resonance thermometry, a volumetric observation of the temperature in the near- and far-field would be preferable. Here, a continuous volumetric MR-temperature monitoring is obtained as follows: 1) The targeted area is continuously scanned by a multi-slice sequence; 2) Measured data and a priori knowledge of 3D data derived from a forecast based on a physical model are combined using a Kalman filter. A quantitative analysis of the accuracy of the method is presented when applied to different temperature increases and when applied with different spatial resolutions.