Flow-independent subtractive non-contrast enhanced MRA using flow insensitive and sensitive SSFP-echo

We demonstrate a new subtractive flow-independent non-contrast MRA using flow insensitive and sensitive SSFP-echo signal. The balanced SSFP spectral signal can be sampled by acquiring multiple data sets with different linear phase increments. The 1D Fourier transform of the phase-cycled data sets resolves the modes of the SSFP normally coalesced in a bSSFP pulse sequence, including the desired flow-insensitive SSFP-echo. On the other hand, unbalanced SSFP pulse sequence can be used to isolate flow-sensitive SSFP-echo signal. Subtraction removes the muscle tissue and lipid signals whereas contrast between arterial and venous blood is maximized by exploiting arterial bloods longer T2.

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