Influence of 2-spoke pulses k-space placement in different optimization strategies and cost functions

The impact of 2-spoke k-space placement is investigated for different pulse performance metrics and algorithms (under strict SAR and power constraints): the Least Squares problem with the Active-Set (AS) algorithm, the Magnitude Least Squares (MLS) problem with the Variable-Exchange method and the MLS problem with AS. After demonstrating that the MLS cost-function depends only on the vector between the two spokes in the small tip angle approximation, numerical simulations with in vivo data acquired at 7T on a human brain show that RF pulse performance is excellent and robust over surprisingly large regions of k-space.

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