Optimized and Accelerated Non-contrast-enhanced MRA of the Lower Extremities using iMSDE Prepared bSSFP Acquisition

Recently, researchers have successfully applied a MSDE (or FSD) prepared non-contrast-enhanced (NCE) MRA technique to anatomies like distal lower extremities, hand and foot. However the proposed method requires excessive additional pre-scans to determine the optimal imaging parameters, which is not suitable for widespread use clinically, especially when it comes to imaging of the three stations of lower extremities. This study optimized and accelerated the iMSDE prepared NCE-MRA technique in three aspects to facilitate easier and faster scans in clinical practice.

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