T 1 - and TR-Independent B 1 + Mapping by Bloch-Siegert Shift for 7T Human Cardiac 31 P-MRS

Human Cardiac ³¹ P-MRS at 7T suffers from low peak B ₁ , making B ₁ insensitive adiabatic or composite pulses impossible. Accurate B ₁ values are required to correct partially saturated metabolite amplitudes and ratios. Long T ₁ s and 3D-CSI acquisition makes magnitude B ₁ mapping approaches infeasible. Bloch-Siegert shift B ₁ mapping is insensitive to metabolite T ₁ s and sequence TR. In this work Bloch-Siegert mapping is validated against gold standards in phantoms and against a previously published dual TR method in skeletal muscle. The feasibility of the approach for cardiac ³¹ P-MRS is demonstrated in a single subject.

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