Brodmann revisited: Using diffusion MRI to characterize functionally distinct gray matter regions in development

This study aims to elucidate in vivo correlations of diffusion imaging parameters in order to yield biologically relevant microstructural information. Here, we use diffusion imaging parameters to (1) characterize the underlying neuronal cytoarchitecture and columnar organization of defined cortical regions and (2) determine how these parameters change with age. We relate regional variations in cortical thickness to mean diffusivity and NODDI microstructural parameters (orientation dispersion index and intra-neurite volume fraction), to better characterize local microscopic neural organization in vivo. Our results show that dMRI measures are sensitive to the microstructural differences between anatomically-defined regions of functional significance throughout development.

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