Although conventional 1H MRI is commonly used for diagnosis and monitoring disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS), it is not specific to pathology and cell vitality, and is limited in differentiating underlying pathology in MS lesions . In this study, using sodium (23Na) MRI, we demonstrated several subtypes of MS lesions with different sodium concentration changes, which may represent various stages of demyelination and axonal injury. Such information that is not available on conventional imaging may have value in characterize early versus chronic inactive lesions in MS.
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