An emerging hypothesis suggests that the underlying pathophysiology of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) involves alterations in brain myelination. These alterations may represent an important correlate of dementia. Several studies have examined this correlation; however, these earlier analyses were performed using non-myelin-specific methods such as relaxation times, magnetization transfer and diffusion. This greatly complicates the interpretation of such imaging results in terms of myelin content. Our results show direct evidence of MWF alterations and loss in MCI using a direct measure of myelin-bound water.
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