Localization of the implanted brachytherapy titanium seeds in presence of calcification on MR images using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) and 3D K-means clustering

¹Medical Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada, ²Medical Physics, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada, ³Medical Physics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada, ⁴Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, ⁵Meinig school of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States, ⁶Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States, ⁷Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan, ⁸Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada, ⁹Radiation oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, ¹⁰Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada, ¹¹Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON