It is well known that the bSSFP signal is highly dependent on the precession frequency off-resonance value at each pixel. The bSSFP signal can be modeled as an ellipse in the complex plane that rotates about the origin, with the degree of rotation depending on the regional off-resonance value. If a specific point on the axis of the ellipse could be localized, the phase of that point could be used to produce a field map. Xiang and Hoff came up with a geometric solution (GS) which removes banding artifacts by estimating a consistent cross point within the ellipse.
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