Radiation encephalopathy is the primary complication in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) following radiotherapy (RT). In order to detect early radiation-induced alterations in the brain of NPC patients after RT, we recruited NPC patients before RT and after RT with normal-appearing brain for MR T1ρ examinations. We found abnormal microstructural changes of gray matter and white matter in NPC patients after RT can be detected by MR T1ρ even when routine MRI findings are negative. MR T1ρ may be used to predict early radiation-induced alterations of the brain following RT for NPC patients.
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