The conventional IVIM model assumes a two-compartment model; this might not apply for regions with enlarged perivascular spaces (PVS) in cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). Regularized non-negative least squared was used to deconvolve the IVIM signal in multiple diffusion components. Sixty-three cSVD patients and thirty-five controls received IVIM imaging and visual scoring of enlarged PVS. An additional component to the assumed parenchymal and perfusion components was revealed. We show that the fraction of this component is related to the amount of scored enlarged PVS. Quantifying PVS is a time-consuming process and this method might aid the development of automatic quantification.
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