MR guidance is increasingly being used to implant DBS electrodes. The technique is extremely accurate and permits patients to be under general anesthesia during the procedure. The incidence of complications during these procedures, however, has not been established. We report on the incidence of hemorrhagic events during 231 surgical procedures (374 electrodes implanted). The ability to detect hemorrhage intra-operatively is demonstrated and factors contributing to hemorrhage incidence are identified. Total hemorrhage rates and symptomatic hemorrhage rates were found to be 2.4%/electrode implanted and 1.1%/electrode implanted respectively, which is comparable to conventional surgical approaches for DBS implantation.
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