This study aims to provide to the research community quantitative measurements about the axon diameter overestimation due to the straight-cylinder assumption usually made in state-of-the-art models for diameter mapping with DW-MRI. Our methodology uses a Monte Carlo diffusion simulator to compute the diffusion weighted magnetic resonance signals of undulating axons. We use in our experiments plausible tissue values, we also explore a broad parameter set that depicts undulation. The results of this study provide useful information to understand the differences between the estimators from histology vs. the estimated diameters when using the model assumption of simple shaped axons.
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