The purpose of this study was to demonstrate whether neurochemical profiles of male and female C57BL/6 mice were affected in a sex-related manner. In vivo 1H MRS data were acquired from four different groups of mice, each group consisting of 10 male and 10 female mice. Highly significant differences between male and female groups were consistently observed in each group. These results have serious implications for appropriate quantification referencing (water vs. creatine, male or females in treated vs. control group) for avoiding bias in data interpretation.
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