Several explanations for the existence of anti-correlations in rsfMRI have been suggested so far, ranging from true neural activity to a side effect of preprocessing. In this abstract, we investigate the possible vascular origins of anti-correlation by presenting a biophysical model that is inspired by past simulation studies. Our model suggests resting-state BOLD anti-correlations across voxels may arise simply from the physiological and magnetic properties of arterial and venous blood, and may not be solely due to anti-correlated neural activity.
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