This study aims to elucidate diffusion variations between human healthy and diseased calf muscles. Subjects were assigned into three groups: healthy, diabetes mellitus (DM), and peripheral artery disease (PAD). DTI echo planar imaging was performed at rest and ankle plantar-flexion to provide fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and fiber length for calf medial gastrocnemius (MG), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), and soleus (SOL). Our initial results revealed noticeable diffusion indices variations from resting to contraction of the above muscles between healthy and diseased groups and demonstrated a good accordance with previous healthy studies in the literature.
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