The effects of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging resolutions on the correlations between standard trabecular structural indices and MR transverse relaxation-times (T2 and T2*) were evaluated by performing Monte Carlo proton diffusion simulations, ex vivo experiments with defatted human trabecular specimens, and bovine knee trabecular samples with intact bone marrow via 7T system. T2 relaxation-time robustly represented the trabecular micro-architecture, such as trabecular spacing and number, while T2* was vulnerable with degrading spatial resolution. T2 relaxation times may facilitate the radiation-free diagnosis to assess osteoporotic fractures and therapy response for deep trabecular areas within a feasible scan time on a 7T system.
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