Traditional imaging methods are challenging to diagnose the vertebral compression fractures caused by osteoporosis and metastasis. In this study, the iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and the least squares estimation quantification sequence (IDEAL-IQ)technique, as a novel fat quantification technique, was applied to quantitatively determine the bone marrow fat content for the patients with osteoporosis caused and metastasis caused vertebral compression fractures. We found that the fat fraction (FF) and FF ratio of bone marrow fat in the vertebral body lesions of metastasis were significantly reduced compared with the acute compression fractures due to osteoporosis. Therefore, IDEAL-IQ has been proven an effective method for quantitative diagnosis of vertebral compression fractures.
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