We explore the use of small permanent magnets moving along prescribed helical paths for spatial encoding in ultra-low field magnetic resonance systems based on Halbach arrays. A semi-analytical simulation method was developed to analyse different magnet path and orientations. For proof-of-concept, different helical magnet paths and lengths for one and two small magnets were considered to establish spatial encoding efficiency. We demonstrate that a single small encoding magnet moving around the sample in a single helical revolution can be used to generate 3D images via the method of back projection for image reconstruction.
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