Vortex formation time (VFT) is an index of
left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic performance, with normal values,
based on echocardiography, from 3.3 to 5.5 ms in adults [1]. With the
increasing intensity of vortex, the vortex ring is pinched off; this instant is
defined as the vortex ring formation time. With echocardiography VFT is
measured from trans-mitral inflow velocities. Although cardiovascular magnetic
resonance (CMR) is the gold standard for assessing LV systolic function, its use
in evaluating LV diastolic function is more limited [2]. Through-plane motion of
the mitral valve results in underestimations of the peak
mitral inflow velocities with standard 2D flow CMR acquisitions. 4D flow
CMR analysis improves the accuracy of peak mitral inflow velocities because of
its ability to track mitral valve plane motion [3]. However, vortex ring
quantification with 4D flow CMR has not been widely used [4]. The VFT has not
been evaluated in children and could be useful tools for assessment of
diastolic function using CMR.
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