On the basis of the type of gene mutation, three groups of patients with thalassemia major (TM) were identified: homozygotes β+, compound heterozygotes β+/β° and homozygotes β°. Compared to the milder genotype group homozygotes β+, the other two groups showed a significantly higher risk of myocardial iron overload (MIO) and left ventricular dysfunction. Moreover, homozygotes β° showed a significantly higher risk of CC than homozygotes β+ patients. These data support the knowledge of the different genotypic groups in the clinical management of β-TM patients.
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