Improving Hyperpolarized 13C Spiral Chemical Shift Imaging Using Model-Based Iterative Reconstruction and Prior Knowledge

A model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm for spiral chemical shift imaging (spCSI) of hyperpolarized ¹³C metabolites is implemented and compared to conventional CSI reconstruction. The iterative reconstruction utilizes the prior knowledge of 1) the off-resonance frequencies for each metabolite and 2) the common spatial distribution for pyruvate and pyruvate hydrate. The proposed method improves quantification of bicarbonate and reduces artifacts for pyruvate maps caused by signal from a urea reference phantom.