Pulmonary diseases, such as lung cancer, usually result in changes of pulmonary structure and function. To assess these changes, gas exchange across the respiratory membrane and gas diffusion in the alveoli can be quantified using hyperpolarized 129Xe MR via CSSR and DWI in lung cancer patients, The significant differences were found in mean exchange time constant(T) and septal wall thickness(d) between smoking and non-smoking lung cancer patients, indicating the impact of smoking. The results manifested that the hyperpolarized 129Xe MR is a promising method for optimizing radiation therapy in the future.
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