Cardiac radiosurgery for atrial fibrillation (AF) is challenging; the target moves with both cardiac contraction and respiration and is in close proximity to critical structures. This study utilized non-contrast MRI to characterize AF cardiac radiosurgery target motion as well as relative target displacement to surrounding structures. The absolute and relative target motion seen in this study in combination with target proximity to the aorta and esophagus highlights the importance of carefully selecting cardiac radiosurgery technology and techniques. This MRI-based methodology could be useful in the AF cardiac radiosurgery clinical workflow to optimize treatment for the individual.
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