In vivo estimation of cell dimension using diffusion MRI usually requires biophysical modeling of multiple compartments in biological tissues. However, the signal decomposition of multiple compartments is non-trivial due to limited amount of data and scan time. Instead, by applying strong diffusion gradients, a universal localization regime emerges: Magnetization far away from the cell boundaries vanishes, and only that near the boundaries within a thickness of localization length contributes to signal. Here, using Connectome gradients, we for the first time achieve the localization regime in vivo, and estimate the soma size in cortical brain gray matter of two healthy subjects.
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