This study focused on the feasibility of pseudo continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) perfusion MRI as a non-invasive tool for predicting the response of locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in comparison with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging. Our results showed blood flow derived from pCASL was significantly higher in responders than in non-responders. These results suggested the promise of pCASL as a non-invasive alternative to dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI for predicting the treatment response to NAC in locally advanced rectal cancer.
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