Most utilized phantoms for determining the SAR compose of a uniform material to determine the properties of each coil and the exposure time to remain below the FDA guidelines and ensure patient safety. Accurate modeling of the tissue permittivity, conductivity, and geometry will provide more accurate methods to measure the SAR of each organ for a variety of RF coil systems. Our results showed that utilizing 3D printed Nylon containers and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), NaCl, and water solutions can be used to model the geometry and tissue characteristics of the human knee.
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