Functional connectivity (FC) of resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) is a popular method for characterizing brain connectivity. rs-fMRI indirectly measures neuronal fluctuations through blood-oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) signal and is susceptible to various physiological noise which lead to spurious correlations. We investigated the relationship between rs-fMRI FC and band-limited power (BLP) coupling measured using intracranial EEG (icEEG). Both static and dynamic connectivity analyses revealed a relationship between BOLD FC and icEEG BLP coupling across multiple frequency bands. However, this relationship depends on distance and electrode type. BOLD FC is distinct in fluctuations and spatial variability, suggesting non-neural signal sources in rs-fMRI connectivity.
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