Keywords: White Matter, Tractography & Fibre ModellingMapping neuronal trajectories requires accurate determination of fiber crossings. Diffusion MRI detects fiber orientations but is affected by multiple brain structures and requires constant validation. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) can specifically image myelinated axons exploiting myelin’s periodic nanostructure. However, its capability to detect crossing fibers is still unexplored. We show that SAXS detects multiple crossing fibers using human corpus callosum strips, and in white and gray matter of mouse, vervet monkey, and human brain. We compare results to polarized light and tracer experiments and show that SAXS more sensitively detects fiber crossings compared to diffusion MRI on the same samples.
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