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Abstract #1378

Towards Informative Uncertainty Measures for MRI Segmentation in Clinical Practice: Application to Multiple Sclerosis

Nataliia Molchanova1,2,3, Vatsal Raina3,4, Francesco La Rosa5, Andrey Malinin6, Henning Müller3, Mark Gales4, Cristina Granziera7, Mara Graziani3,8, and Merirxell Bach Cuadra1,9
1Radiology department, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Doctoral School of the Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3University of Applied Sciences of Western Switzerland, Sierre, Switzerland, 4University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 5Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 6Shifts Project, Helsinki, Finland, 7University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 8IBM Research Europe, Zurich, Switzerland, 9Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

Synopsis

Keywords: Machine Learning/Artificial Intelligence, Multiple Sclerosis, Machine learning/Artificial intelligence, Brain, Uncertainty estimation, Reliable AIWe approach the problem of quantifying the degree of reliability of supervised deep learning models used by clinicians for automatic multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation on MRI. In particular, we quantify the correspondence of various uncertainty measures to the errors that a deep learning model makes in overall segmentation or lesion detection. The evaluation is done both on in- and out-of- domain datasets (40 and 99 patients respectively), and provides insights about the measures that can point clinicians to potential errors of an automatic algorithm regardless of the distributional shift.

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