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Abstract #4608

Toward an accurate MR measure of the axon radii by accounting for myelin-specific attenuation of the diffusion MRI signal in the brain

Stefania Oliviero1, Cosimo Del Gratta1, Andrada Costantina Traeba2, Tommaso Boccato3, Caterina Mainero2, and Nicola Toschi2,3
1Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, and Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University of Chieti-Pescara G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy, 2A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy

Synopsis

Keywords: Signal Modeling, White Matter, myelin, diffusion, in silico, MRAn accurate, noninvasive measure of axonal radii could play a crucial role in the understanding of healthy and diseased neural processes. Several diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) methods report on the axon radii distribution or mean axon radii. However, these measurements systematically overestimate histologically derived values. In this preliminary study, we address this limitation by formulating a model which explicitly includes the myelin contribution to the cerebral dMR signal. In detail, we introduce a myelinic compartment in both the AxCaliber and ActiveAx models and demonstrate a significant improvement of axonal radius estimation using synthetic data simulation.

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