Keywords: Lung, Hyperpolarized MR (Gas)Longitudinal changes of 129Xe MRI metrics in patients with asthma and/or COPD have not yet been reported. 140 patients with asthma and/or COPD were scanned at 2 visits, 1 year apart, using 129Xe gas transfer and diffusion MRI. From visit 1 to visit 2 red blood cell (RBC) / membrane (M) and RBC/gas decreased and the amplitude of red blood cell oscillations (ARBCO) increased when all patients were considered. RBC/M and RBC/gas decreased in asthma+COPD, and RBC/M decreased and ARBCO increased in asthma from visit 1 to visit 2. M/gas and acinar microstructure metrics did not change significantly between visits.
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