Keywords: Psychiatric Disorders, Brain, Major depressive disorderMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental disease with unclear pathophysiology. Herein, we explored the differences in the whole-brain gray matter free-water axial diffusivity (AD) and mean diffusivity (MD) values between MDD patients and healthy controls using free-water DTI. The results showed altered free-water AD and MD values in specific regions of the gray matter in MDD patients, which may be associated with alterations in the brain gray matter microstructure, such as microstructure damage or neurodegeneration. Thus, these quantitative variables could be used as valuable biomarkers that could further our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of depression.
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