Keywords: fMRI Analysis, fMRI (resting state)
Motivation: Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) is widely used to predict behavioral traits in individuals.
Goal(s): A pervasive dilemma when collecting functional MRI data is whether to prioritize sample size or scan duration given fixed resources.
Approach: We systematically investigate the trade-off between sample size and scan time in the context of prediction accuracy and reliability of brain-behavior relationships using RSFC.
Results: Increasing sample size (with fixed scan time) or scan time (with fixed sample size) leads to similar accuracy. Reliability of brain-behavior association can only be improved with bigger sample sizes but not scan time.
Impact: Our findings establish an empirically informed reference for calibrating scan times and sample sizes to maximize prediction of behavioral performance and reliability of brain-behavior associations when using resting-state functional connectivity.
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