Keywords: MR-Guided Interventions, Segmentation
Motivation: Needle localization on 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is critical for MRI-guided percutaneous interventions, but current manual methods are time-consuming.
Goal(s): To develop a transformer-based pipeline for accurate and rapid automatic 3D needle localization on intra-procedural 3D MRI.
Approach: The proposed pipeline adopted a coarse-to-fine segmentation strategy by combining 3D and 2D shifted window (Swin) Transformer networks. The performance was evaluated in pre-clinical pig datasets and compared with human-annotated references.
Results: Computation time was 6 sec/volume. The median 3D needle tip and axis localization errors were 1.48 mm (1.09 pixels) and 0.98°, which were comparable to human-level accuracy.
Impact: The automatic transformer-based pipeline developed in this work achieved rapid (~6s) and accurate pixel-level 3D needle localization on intra-procedural 3D MRI. This new pipeline has the potential to improve MRI-guided percutaneous interventions.
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