Abstract #0644

Ultra-high gradient diffusion MRI on Connectome 2.0 reveals time-dependent diffusion and water exchange in human gray matter

Kwok-Shing Chan^1,2, Yixin Ma^1,2, Hansol Lee^1,2, José P. Marques³, Jonas Olesen⁴, Santiago Coelho^5,6, Dmitry S. Novikov^5,6, Sune Jespersen⁴, Susie Huang^1,2, and Hong-Hsi Lee^1,2

¹Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States, ²Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, ³Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands, ⁴Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN) and MINDLab, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, ⁵Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, ⁶Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States

Synopsis

Keywords: Microstructure, Microstructure

Motivation: In vivo mapping of exchange between intra-neurite and extracellular water in gray matter is challenging, as the required strong diffusion weighting significantly reduces the signal-to-noise ratio.

Goal(s): We aim to demonstrate the feasibility of in vivo neurite exchange imaging using the state-of-the-art Connectome 2.0 scanner equipped with high-performance gradient system (G_max=500mT/m, (dG/dt)_max=600T/m/s).

Approach: We acquired in vivo diffusion MRI measurements with multiple diffusion times (13-30ms) up to b-values of 17.5ms/μm²on 5 human subjects. Anisotropic Kärger model (NEXI/SMEX) was used to estimate the exchange time from the diffusion data.

Results: The exchange time across the cortical ribbon is around 16ms.

Impact: The high performance gradient system on the Connectome 2.0 scanner enables in vivo mapping of water exchange time in gray matter, providing a tool to study neurite permeability in the healthy human brain and a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders.

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