Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis, Contrast Agent, USPIO
Motivation: Multiple sclerosis (MS) progression involves inflammation, microglia, and macrophage activation, contributing to axonal damage.
Goal(s): This study investigates the utility of ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI for evaluating activated microglia and macrophages in progressive MS.
Approach: . Nine secondary progressive MS patients underwent baseline and post-ferumoxytol 3T MRI scans, with T2* and ΔT2* maps computed to quantify ferumoxytol retention in lesions.
Results: We successfully quantified ferumoxytol levels in ΔT2*-enhanced MS lesions in four subjects. In relapsing MS, newly formed active lesions typically contain a substantial number of macrophages, while chronic-active lesions in progressive MS predominantly exhibit microglia and macrophages in the perilesional area
Impact: These findings suggest ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI's potential for assessing microglia and macrophage activity in progressive MS, aiding accurate diagnoses and treatment. Clinicians could gain a valuable tool for monitoring disease progression, improving patient management and outcomes.
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