A simple approach to reducing session-dependent behavioural effects in multi-session fMRI studies

In this study, we establish a sham MRI session that replicates the primary conditions of a genuine MRI scan, but without the need of a costly MRI simulator. We demonstrate that such a session can reduce the fMRI session effects that are currently observed with multi-session fMRI studies and will improve the power of these studies, increasing the likelihood of identifying subtle differences between groups. Currently, the only solution is to increase the sample size, although the costs increase as the square of the standard deviation of the unwanted effects. We introduce a more cost-effective and academically-sound approach to measure, understand and then reduce unwanted sources of variation.

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